There are many stimulants available: short acting (immediate-release), intermediate-acting, and long-acting forms. Common stimulants for the treatment of ADHD Recent research, nevertheless, shows that individuals with ADHD had a lower incidence of substance use disorder if they were medically treated than if they were not treated. Nonetheless, there is a potential for abuse and addiction with any stimulant medication, especially if a person has a history of substance abuse. These medications are not considered to be habit-forming when used to treat ADHD in children and adolescents, and there is no evidence that their use leads to drug abuse. Improvements in behavior and attention span usually continue as long as the medication is taken, although benefits in social adjustment and school performance have not yet been shown to endure over the long term. Improvements include reduced interrupting, fidgeting, and other hyperactive symptoms, as well as improved task completion and home relationships. These drugs improve ADHD symptoms in about 70% of adults and 70% to 80% of children shortly after starting treatment. They may be used alone or in combination with behavior therapy. Stimulants are an effective way of managing ADHD symptoms such as short attention span, impulsive behavior, and hyperactivity. This category includes cannabinoids and synthetics like Dronabinol.Stimulant therapy is the most commonly used treatment for Attention-Deficit Disorder/ Hyperactivity Disorder, also known as ADHD. The active ingredient in cannabis is delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC. (7) CannabisĬannabis is the scientific name for marijuana. Examples of inhalants include Toluene, plastic cement, paint, gasoline, paint thinners, hair sprays, and various anesthetic gases. Inhalants include a wide variety of breathable substances that produce mind-altering results and effects. Examples of narcotic analgesics include opium, codeine, heroin, demerol, darvon, morphine, methadone, Vicodin, and oxycontin. Narcotic analgesics relieve pain, induce euphoria, and create mood changes in the user. PCP, its analogs, and dextromethoraphan are examples of dissociative anesthetics. (4) Dissociative Anestheticsĭissociative anesthetics include drugs that inhibit pain by cutting off or dissociating the brain's perception of the pain. Examples include LSD, peyote, psilocybin and MDMA (Ecstasy). Hallucinogens cause the user to perceive things differently than they actually are. Examples of CNS stimulants include cocaine, "crack" cocaine, amphetamines, and methamphetamine ("crank"). (2) CNS StimulantsĬNS stimulants accelerate the heart rate and elevate the blood pressure and "speed-up," or over-stimulate, the body. Examples of CNS depressants include alcohol, barbiturates, anti-anxiety tranquilizers (e.g., Valium, Librium, Xanax, Prozac, and Thorazine), GHB (gamma hydroxybutyrate), Rohypnol, and many other anti-depressants (e.g., Zoloft, Paxil). (1) Central Nervous System (CNS) DepressantsĬNS depressants slow down the operations of the brain and the body. Drugs from each of these categories can affect a person's central nervous system and impair a person's normal faculties, including a person's ability to safely operate a motor vehicle. DREs classify drugs in one of seven categories: central nervous system (CNS) depressants, CNS stimulants, hallucinogens, dissociative anesthetics, narcotic analgesics, inhalants, and cannabis. ![]() The DRE categorization process is premised on these long-standing, medically accepted facts. Nonetheless, drugs may be categorized or classified according to certain shared symptomatologies or effects. ![]() ![]() Physicians have long recognized that different types of drugs affect people differently.
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